To achieve the goals of decarbonization and emission reduction set by the German government, the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure of Germany (hereinafter referred to as the BMV ...
The countries that have implemented the railway reform have basically specified financial subsidies for public-benefit transport. In terms of the scope of subsidies, subsidies are mainly granted for t ...
The railway network possesses the properties of public products and is featured by large construction investment and long payback period. Compared with the general commercial investment, the investmen ...
In recent years, the rapid development of budget airlines and the continuous drop in gasoline price brought railway passenger transportation into fierce competition. Besides, the extensive application ...
In the process of development, railway enterprises in major countries pay more and more attention to profitability and service quality in order to improve their market competitiveness. Railway enterpr ...